in my email i add my favorite cartoon character SLIMER of GHOSTBUTERS to my name (elmer_slimer)..it rhymes with it and its similar to the greek equivalent of my name AYLMER..
http://www.american-otaku.com/images/otaku-slimer.jpg
http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3032/2720488093_07dbc5ed49_b.jpg
http://media.comicvine.com/uploads/3/30154/688607-440px_realghostbusters_promotionalimage_super.jpg
European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition
The European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study is a Europe-wide prospective cohort study of the relationships between diet and cancer, as well as other chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular disease. With over half a million participants, it is the largest study of diet and disease to be undertaken.
EPIC is coordinated by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), part of the World Health Organization, and funded by the ‘Europe Against Cancer’ programme of the European Commission as well as multiple nation-specific grants and charities.
521,457 healthy adults, mostly aged 35–70 years, were enrolled in 23 centres in ten European countries: Denmark (11%), France (14%), Germany (10%), Greece (5%), Italy (9%), The Netherlands (8%), Norway (7%), Spain (8%), Sweden (10%) and the United Kingdom (17%). One UK centre (Oxford) recruited 27,000 vegetarians and vegans; this subgroup forms the largest study of this dietary group. Recruitment to the study took place between 1993 and 1999, and follow up is planned for at least ten years, with repeat interview/questionnaires every three to five years. The main prospective data collected are standardised dietary questionnaires (self administered or interview based), seven-day food diaries, blood samples and anthropometric measurements, such as body mass index and waist-to-hip ratio. Additionally, the GenAir case-control study is studying the relationship of passive smoking and air pollution with cancers and respiratory diseases.
Up to 2004, there were over 26,000 new cases of cancer recorded among participants, with the most common being cancers of the breast, colorectum, prostate and lung. Current analyses are focusing particularly on stomach, colorectal, breast, prostate and lung cancers. The different dietary patterns in the different countries should enable reliable associations to be made between particular diets and cancers. The analysis of stored blood samples should also allow dissection of genetic factors involved in cancers, as well as the effects of hormones and hormone-like factors.
Key findings
The study and its analysis is ongoing, but key results of the study retrieved in 2008 are:
1. Lowered sodium from salt intake, high potassium from fruit and vegetable consumption promote healthy blood pressure levels.
2. High physical activity, involving some high impact activities is a good indicator of longevity and low risk of bone fractures.
3. High dietary fibre protects against bowel cancer.
4. Obesity increases a number of cancer risks.
5. High levels of sex hormones increase risk of breast cancer.
6. Increased fat intake increases the risk of breast cancer.
7. Increases in eating fruit and vegetables reduces the risk from all causes of an early death.
8. High blood glucose levels are associated with increased risk of heart disease.
9. The combined impact of four behaviours – not smoking, not being physically inactive, moderate alcohol intake and the consumption of at least five fruit and vegetable servings a day – was estimated to amount to 14 additional years of life (Khaw et al. 2008).
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as posted in wall of a friend in facebook, Ms. Arabella Abero..
ever heard of the last song syndrome - like when somebody beside you singing a song and when he stops you continue singing it..or if something is playing on the stereo you get hook to rhythm of the song and then voila - you’re the one singing it..
what about people who sings out of tune in videoke bars or in get-together occassions? tone-deaf..maybe..
the following articles are about having an EAR WORM and being TONE DEAF, read on:
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ABOUT TONE DEAF
No karaoke for you! Bad wiring spells tone-deaf
08/19/2009 | 09:37 AM
NEW YORK – Do your friends cover their ears when you sing along with the radio? Does the choir director ask you to lip-sync?
If you’re one of the unlucky people who is tone-deaf, it turns out your brain may have a wiring problem. That’s what new research published Wednesday suggests.
People who are tone-deaf can’t detect differences in musical pitch but usually have normal hearing and speech. Tone-deafness runs in families, and estimates of how many people have the problem range from 4 percent to 17 percent.
In the small study done in Boston, brain scans showed there was a difference in a particular brain circuit between those who were tone-deaf and those who weren’t. Among the tone-deaf, researchers discovered there were fewer connections between two areas of the brain that perceive and produce sounds.
The study’s lead author, Psyche Loui (SY’-kee LOO’-ee), likened the connection to a highway between two islands in the brain.
In tone-deaf people, “there’s less traffic on the highway,” said Loui, who studies music and the brain at Harvard Medical School and is also a musician.
Loui and her colleagues took brain scans of 20 people, half of them tone-deaf. Those who were tone-deaf had fewer nerve fibers between the frontal and temporal regions of the brain, or in some cases the fibers couldn’t be detected at all.
The researchers reported their findings in Wednesday’s issue of the Journal of Neuroscience.
“It’s a new piece in our understanding of tone-deafness and the processes that are involved in the perception of pitch in general,” said Nina Kraus of Northwestern University, who wasn’t involved in the research.
Loui said the brain connection they examined was long known to be involved in language. “Now that we know which brain pathways to train,” she said, there may be ways to help people with tone-deafness, and perhaps those with other language disorders. - AP
http://www.gmanews.tv/story/170156/No-karaoke-for-you-Bad-wiring-spells-tone-deaf
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ABOUT EAR WORMS
Earworm
Earworm may also refer to the Helicoverpa zea (corn earworm) or the musician DJ Earworm.
Earworm, a loan translation of the German Ohrwurm, is a term for a portion of a song or other musical material that repeats compulsively within one’s mind, known colloquially as “music being stuck in one’s head”. Use of the English translation was popularized by James Kellaris and Daniel Levitin. Kellaris’ studies demonstrated that different people have varying susceptibilities to earworms, but that almost everybody has been afflicted with one at some time or another. The psychoanalyst Theodor Reik used the term haunting melody to describe the psychodynamic features of the phenomenon. Another scientific term for the phenomenon, involuntary musical imagery, was suggested by the neurologist Oliver Sacks in 2007.
A “repetune” is a song or other musical piece stuck in one’s mind. Wanted Words, a feature on CBC Radio One’s This Morning hosted by Jane Farrow, also once asked listeners to invent a word for this phenomenon. Submitted entries included “aneurhythm” and “humbug”.
Synonyms for earworms include “Last Song Syndrome”, “repetuneitis”, or in extreme degree “melodymania”.
Medications that are used to treat obsessive-compulsive disorder or anxiety can alleviate the symptoms of earworms.
Earworms should not be confused with endomusia, which is a serious affliction in which someone actually hears music that is not playing externally.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earworm
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an article written in 2006 in the british guardian..
Can’t get it out of my head
Got Kylie stuck on replay? Developed a hatred of James Blunt? Vadim Prokhorov on the pesky phenomenon of the ‘earworm’
Vadim Prokhorov The Guardian, Thursday 22 June 2006 Article history
Did you see Mission: Impossible III earlier this year? If you did, then you’re probably stuck with the “MI” theme repeating over and over in your head. According to James Kellaris, marketing professor at the University of Cincinnati, the “MI” theme is currently ranked sixth on the Top 10 Earworm List. His study, Dissecting Earworms: Further Evidence on the ‘Song-Stuck-in-Your-Head’ Phenomenon, found that at one time or another nearly 99% of people have had earworms - those sticky tunes that people can’t get out of their heads. “They seem to repeat themselves involuntarily inside the mind of the hapless victim,” says Kellaris. On average, the episodes may last several hours and happen quite frequently in “chronic sufferers”.
The term “earworm” is a translation of the German word Ohrwurm, used to describe the “musical itch” of the brain. It is a confusing term, since the phenomenon has nothing to do with small maggot-like creatures crawling into your ear and laying eggs in your brain. The musical earworm actually works more like a virus, attaching itself to a host and keeping itself alive by feeding off the host’s memory. Nor does the earworm occur in the ear, as researchers at Dartmouth College, New Hampshire, demonstrated in their study, Musical Imagery: Sound of Silence Activates Auditory Cortex.
The American philosopher Kenneth Burke once asked: “When a bit of talking is taking place, just what is doing the talking?” The Dartmouth researchers discovered that the talking is done by the auditory cortex, which perceives and stores our auditory memories. And it is the auditory cortex - the “brain’s iPod” - that earworms chose as the centre of their activity.
“We found,” says David Kraemer, a graduate student of cognitive science and the lead researcher on the Dartmouth study, “that the auditory cortex that is active when you’re actually listening to a song was reactivated when you just imagine hearing the song.”
At first, the researchers asked the study’s 15 students to identify which songs were familiar or unfamiliar to them, thus developing an individualised playlist for each subject. The Rolling Stones’ Satisfaction and the Beatles’ Yellow Submarine were included among familiar songs with lyrics, and Beethoven’s Ode to Joy and the theme from The Pink Panther among familiar instrumental tunes.
“When the subjects were in the MRI scanner, which we used to look at the brain activity, we played them parts of a song and then hit a mute button for three or five seconds,” says Kraemer. “We didn’t tell them that we were going to cut out the sound. For songs people were familiar with, they automatically put the missing part in there.” The auditory cortex continued “singing”. When listening to an unfamiliar song, the subjects didn’t hear anything after the sound stopped. “They didn’t try to continue the song,” says Kraemer.
Emily Cross, also a graduate student at Dartmouth and one of the subjects of the study, says that with familiar songs it was as if “the brain was connecting the dots. You are not surprised when the song picks up, because you have been playing it all along in your head. With unfamiliar songs though, you either wait in silence or, if it’s predictable enough, you make up the missing bits.” After leaving the scanner, she noticed that the songs were spontaneously popping up in her head for quite a while.
This retrieval of auditory images -whether deliberate or spontaneous - appears to be “perception in reverse,” says Kraemer. That is, the process follows the neural path that was involved in the actual perception, only backwards.
What triggers the retrieval of a particular song - making it come to mind and get stuck in the head - is not exactly known. It might be anything: a title, a thought or a reminder of past experience that somehow is connected to a melody. Or it could just be a few notes that prompt the brain to refresh the memory and find the missing parts of the song.
“Earworms seem to be an interaction between properties of music (catchy songs are simple and repetitive), characteristics of individuals (levels of neuroticism) and properties of the context or situation (first thing in the morning, last thing at night or when people are under stress),” says Kellaris.
Most of the time we do not pay much attention to our earworms - every moment of the day we are bombarded with fresh auditory information, so we are constantly distracted from concentrating on them. Still, people react differently to this stuck-song syndrome. Kellaris found that women are more susceptible to earworms than men. And musicians more than non-musicians. “Musicians are probably prone to earworms by merit of the greater exposure to music and repetition they encounter in rehearsals,” he says. “But why are women? That’s a mystery.” However, earworms are more problematic for those inclined to worry, and women had higher neuroticism scores than men, says Kellaris.
When earworms become a problem, he says, “some people swear by ‘eraser tunes’; those that have a mystical ability to eat any other earworms. Singing the eraser tune rids one of an earworm but risks replacing it with the eraser song.” A friend of mine uses Raindrops Keep Falling on My Head, though it can also become an earworm.
You can also pass earworms on to someone else - sharing it certainly lightens things up. Or if a song is stuck because you can’t remember some of the words or how it ends, then listening to it or singing it in its entirety may help unstick it.
“What works pretty well for people who are plagued by earworms is to ask them what may be causing them,” says Diana Deutsch, a professor of psychology at the University of California, San Diego. “People sing along with something internal, so music reflects what is in the back of a person’s mind, serving as some kind of personal reminder. If they remember that, music often goes off in their heads.”
Or perhaps we simply have to remember the main rule of the human-earworm relationship: treated earworms go away in one day, untreated earworms in 24 hours.
Some day scientists will be able to find a vaccine for earworm infections. Apparently, 1% of people are immune to this disease. Or are they? “I think,” says Kellaris, “that people who say that they do not experience earworms are lying or don’t recall their earworm episodes”
Top 10 earworms
1. Kylie Minogue, Can’t Get You Out of My Head
2. James Blunt, You’re Beautiful
3. Baha Men, Who Let the Dogs Out
4. Mission Impossible theme
5. Village People, YMCA
6. Happy Days theme
7. Corinne Bailey Rae, Put Your Records On
8. Suzanne Vega, Tom’s Diner
9. Tight Fit, The Lion Sleeps Tonight
10. Tiffany, I Think We’re Alone Now
http://www.guardian.co.uk/music/2006/jun/22/popandrock
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what about filipino’s top favorite earworms? based on my observations..not necessarily in order of choice but may include the following:
1. My Way - by Frank Sinatra , regarded as a ‘death song’ by the media as troubles inside videoke bars were attributed to singing of this song.
2. Closer You and I - by Gino Padilla , a favorite love theme videoke song.
3. songs by AIR SUPPLY - from the 80’s - majority of filipinos know at least one song of this band
4. songs by MICHAEL LEARNS TO ROCK - ang baduy sa europe eh sikat din sa masa sa pinas
5. songs by AEGIS - very popular in the barrios the pang masa band
6. of the classics - ABBA’s Dancing Queen and Chiquitita, BEE GEES’s How Deep is your Love, ELVIS PRESLEY, BEATLES
7. who would forget the mega rock ballads played by bus drivers on the way to your destination like LOVE HURTS, SOLDIER OF FORTUNE, WE ARE THE CHAMPIONS, BOHEMIAN RHAPSODY
8. LUHA by SAMPAGUITA
9. ANAK by FREDDIE AGUILAR
10. last to mention are the novelty songs that keeps on churning from noontime variety shows - SPAGHETTI by sexbomb girls, OTSO OTSO, BULAKLAK by VIVA HOT BABES etc..
there are still alot to mention such as LAMBADA and TODO TODO among the dancing tunes
special in our hearts are the CHRISTMAS SONGS such as CHRISTMAS IN OUR HEARTS by Jose Mari Chan, MARY’S BOY CHILD by the BONEY M, and most of all the song ANG PASKO AY SUMAPIT..which i’m planning to play starting tomorrow - September 1.
0020
GODISNOWHERE
do you read it as
GOD IS NO WHERE
or
GOD IS NOW HERE?
like everything in life, the way you see things
always depend on how you look at them.
0019
if,
1 = 5
2 = 25
3 = 125
4 = 625
5 = ?
think before scrolling down
ans. is 1
because the first line says 1 = 5
Moral: don’t complicate simple problems in life.
0018
the four blessed looks:
look back and THANK GOD
look forward and TRUST GOD
look around and SERVE GOD
look from within and FIND GOD.
have a blessed day always.
0017
once there was an island where the FEELINGS live.
it was announced that the island was going to sink in the ocean.
FEELINGS prepared to leave.
LOVE asked RICHNESS: can i come with you on your boat?
RICHNESS: sorry but many gold and silvers here.
LOVE: SADNESS please stay.
SADNESS: i’m sorry i want to be alone.
LOVE: HAPPINESS i’ll go with you.
but HAPPINESS didn’t hear what LOVE said.
TIME: LOVE, come i’ll take you with me.
LOVE felt so blessed and overjoyed asked,
“why did you help me TIME?”
TIME: because only TIME is capable of understanding how great LOVE is.
0016
no one has traveled the bridge of success
without ever crossing the streets of failure.
GOD never promised us an easy journey in life,
only safety on board.
i took a quiz “what is your japanese name?” and answered a few questions..the last questions will ask you about your favorite japanese food and the place you want to visit in japan..i chose KOBE BEEF - because its the most expensive beef in the world and the taste is beyond comparison according to discovery’s travel and adventure channel..and then i chose the SHRINES and TEMPLES as i am looking for serene places..and the result is HIROSHI - meaning GENEROUS..
the greek equivalent of ELMER is AYLMER, which means NOBLE and GREAT..
colon cancer?..flashbacks? famous personalities who died from colon cancer?
1. President Corazon Aquino = who died a year after she was diagnosed with colon cancer..
2. Rio Diaz = everyone thought she would survive her bout against cancer..but it came back to her after a few years of recuperation.
3. Jun Encarnacion = famous hairstylist; very jolly..i was touched about the interview of his son in a morning show..his son now a famous chef on tv..
4. Chat Silayan-Bailon = who died last 2006, beauty queen and tv host of the 700 club..
what is the bottomline? iniisip ko siguro di sila mahilig kumain ng gulay..puro karne nalng parati..i remember beef (red meat) will take 3 days to be fully digested in your system..other meats such as pork and chicken like 2 days..while fruits and vegetables will take only a few hours to be digested..dietary fibers absorbing toxins and other harmful substances, carrying them while they passed thru the intestines..
but then again, colon cancer is mainly attributed to the fondness of eating GRILLED FOODS..
I’ve heard a lot of people as young as 5 year old to high school students who died from colon cancer just because they like to eat GRILLED foods (add to it if they are habitual smokers)..inihaw na bangus or pork chop..isaw..grilled tilapia..chicken inasal..tinapa..sate chicken..Like they’ve said in one travel show in one place grilled meats are served with vinegar dippings plus cucumber..cucumber to balanced the carcinogenics..My brother in law who drives korean tourists would grill their food wrap in aluminum foil..
but here’s what i have found on the net, from Reader’s Digest - about safer grilling guidlelines. read on..
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Safer Grilling Guidelines
How to reduce carcinogens in grilled foods and make outdoor cooking healthier.
Is It Harmful, Is It Healthy?
What could be bad about a backyard barbecue? Plenty. Health and safety officials have issued enough warnings about everything from undercooked food to charcoal fires to cast a chill on grilling. However, findings by cancer societies and other groups are the most alarming: grilled food may cause cancer. So is it time to put away the barbecue and move the party back inside? Not if you follow some simple guidelines to minimize the risks.
Where There’s Smoke, There’s Cancer Risk
Grilling meat, poultry, or fish, whether over wood, charcoal, or gas, exposes the food — and whoever eats it — to two separate carcinogens, or cancer-causing agents. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are found in the smoke created when fat drips from meat, chicken skin, or fatty fish (such as salmon) onto a heat source. The PAH-filled smoke coats the food, which we then ingest.
The second type of carcinogen, heterocyclic amines (HCAs), develops in meat, poultry, and fish that is cooked over high heat. Extreme temperatures prompt a reaction between the food’s natural amino acids and creatine, a substance found in muscle tissue. HCAs are the product of that reaction. HCAs can also form in foods that are broiled, especially well-done red meat.
Researchers in a 1996 study found that people who eat their beef well done are more than three times as likely to develop cancer as those who prefer their steaks medium-rare or rare. Other research suggests a link between high consumption of well-done, fried, and barbecued meats to an increase in colorectal, pancreatic, and breast cancer. Animal studies also associate HCAs and lung cancers.
Safer Grilling Guidelines
The good news is that if you take a few precautions, you can enjoy the fun and food of outdoor cooking and stay healthy, too.
1. Stay clear of burned steer. This simple change may be the most difficult to make for fans of charred steaks, hamburgers, and chicken. At the very least, eat well-done meat sparingly. (While avoiding extremes, you’ll still want to cook meat completely, to make sure you eliminate illness-causing bacteria like E. coli.)
2. Keep the fat to a minimum. Cut down on carcinogens by grilling only lean cuts of meat and trimming all visible fat, and removing the skin from chicken.
3. Grill fish instead. Fish generally contains less fat than meat and poultry do, which makes it less likely to create PAH-carrying smoke. And it tends to require much less time on the grill, reducing its exposure to carcinogens.
4. Precook your foods. The higher the temperature at which foods cooks and the longer it stays on the grill, the more HCAs develop. Partially cooking meat or poultry in the microwave for two to five minutes draws out most of the potentially harmful chemicals without sacrificing moistness. (Be sure to discard the juices produced.) You can also place it in the oven at a low temperature. An additional benefit to these approaches is that slow-cooking the food and then finishing it on the grill prevents the charred-on-the-outside, raw-on-the-inside result that has embarrassed many an outdoor chef. To prevent bacteria from multiplying, grill the food immediately after precooking.
5. Oil your grill. A little oil keeps charred material from sticking to the food. (It also helps keep fish and chicken in one piece.)
6. Use aluminum foil. Make tiny holes in a piece of foil and place it on the grill underneath your meat. The holes let the fat drip down, and the foil reduces the amount of smoke the billows back up. Wrapping the meat completely with perforated foil is an even better idea.
7. Lower the heat. On charcoal grills, increase the distance between the food and the hot coals by spreading the coals thin or by propping the grill rack on bricks. Simply adjust the heat setting on gas grills.
8. Stick to charcoal and hardwood. Barbecue briquettes and hardwood products, such as hickory and maple, burn at lower temperatures than softwood and softwood (pine) chips. Mesquite chips are slightly less safe than those made of other hardwoods but are safer than softwoods.
9. Clean your grill. Scrub your grill thoroughly after every use to avoid a buildup of carcinogens that can be transferred to your food the next time you grill. For tough grease, put the dirty rack into a plastic garbage bag. Add water and dishwashing liquid and leave overnight. Brush off the residue and rinse. You may also want to heat the grill before placing food on it to kill any surviving bacteria. If you have a gas grill with permanent briquettes, turn them greasy side down, light the grill, and with the temperature at high, close the cover. After 20 minutes the briquettes will be as good as new.
Marinate for Your Health’s Sake
Marinades not only make grilled foods taste better, they may also make them safer. A chemist at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in California found that marinating chicken in simple mixture of olive oil, cider vinegar, garlic, mustard, lemon juice, salt, and brown sugar reduced carcinogenic compounds in the finished product by more than 90 percent. Researchers don’t know why; they suspect that marinating draws out chemical precursors of carcinogens.
The only caveat is to treat marinades, which draw bacteria from meat and poultry, as a raw food. To use a marinade as a serving sauce, set aside a portion before you place the meat in it or boil it for three minutes before serving.
http://www.rd.com/living-healthy/safer-grilling-guidelines/article15062.html
Did you ever wonder what does INASAL means? hmmm..like for the past few years eh nagsulputan ang mga INASAL na restaurants like MANG INASAL, BACOLOD INASAL etc..A friend even suggested we start a business like INASAL..the most popular recipe is the chicken inasal..
Chicken inasal originated from the Visayas region wherein Inasal means, “grilled”.
now here’s what i have found in one website:
Chicken Inasal
What you need:
4 pieces chicken leg quarters
Marinade:
½ cup chicken broth
2 tablespoon soy sauce
2 tablespoons vinegar (sinamak)
2 tablespoons calamansi juice
2 tablespoon ginger juice
1 pack 6 grams AJI-SHIO Seasoning Mix with Pepper
2 tablespoons annatto oil
1. In a bowl, combine chicken broth, soy sauce, vinegar, calamansi juice and ginger juice.
2. Season with AJI-SHIO Seasoning Mix with Pepper. Add annatto oil. Blend mixture using a wire whisk.
3. Rub chicken with mixture and marinate overnight or at least 3 hours.
4. Grill over flaming charcoal until cooked.
Makes 4 servings
Estimated Cooking Time: 3 hours and 20 minutes
Nutrition Information/serving:
Fat 15 g; Protein 10 g; Carbohydrates 2 g; Vitamin C 5 mg; Iron1 mg; 185 calories
Tips and Tricks
Soak wooden skewers in water for 30 minutes before using them so they will not burn during cooking.
To keep food from slipping off during cooking, use two parallel skewers rather than a single skewer.
http://www.ajinomoto.com.ph/Default.aspx?S=29&SS=297&id=869&cat=10
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Definition of Vegetarian
In this day of inclusive definitions the term vegetarian has drifted from its original definition. Originally, the term vegetarian meant, “with or without eggs or dairy products”, which is the definition the Vegetarian Society still holds to today. However, under the umbrella term vegetarian there are different types of vegetarians with their own personal reasons for eliminating certain foods from their diet.
History and Origins of Vegetarianism
The promotion of a vegetarian diet or a diet devoid of meat and flesh can be traced back to the 1st millennium BC in India. Also in the eastern Mediterranean, the concept of vegetarianism was being preached as a part of the teachings of the philosopher Pythagoras of Samos (c. 530 BC). Thereafter, the concept of vegetarianism has been an integral part of many belief systems, religions and cultures. Some of the prominent religions and cultures that believe in vegetarianism include Brahmanism, Buddhism, Jainism and Zoroastrianism. The First Vegetarian Society was founded in England in the year 1847, which was later embraced by countries and by 1853 the Society already had 889 members. Soon, the concept of Vegetarianism was spread on the global scenario, which perhaps led to the formation of the International Vegetarian Union in 1908, which was a union of several national vegetarian societies. However it is only in the twentieth century that the popularity of vegetarianism increased in the western world, due to nutritional, ethical, and also environmental and economic concerns.
Types of Vegetarians
Vegetarianism as a concept encourages the inclusion of plants and plant based products from the diet and discourages the consumption of animal flesh of any sort. However, with time vegetarianism has evolved to become a concept, which is pursued and practiced according to individual preferences of nutrition as well as tastes. Vegetarianism has thus evolved to contain several branches or different types of vegetarians.
Some people eat eggs but claim to be vegetarians. Some of them love the vegetarian cuisine but cannot give up the non-vegetarian delicacies. There exists a name for all sorts of vegetarians. Read on to find out which type of a vegetarian you are:
Strict vegetarianism:
Vegans: Strict vegetarians who do not eat meat of any kind, eggs, dairy products, other animal-derived products like honey or even do not consume processed foods containing any animal-derived ingredients such as gelatin are termed as vegans. Vegans may also avoid products in which animal products are used in the production, but might not actually remain in the finished food - this includes sugar and some wines. Not just food, vegans also abhor the use of animals for clothing (such as leather, wool, down and silk) or any other purpose of mankind. (Veganism - Known as strict-vegetarianism or pure vegetarianism - Veganism is perhaps a concept that is far more stringent than all the other variations about the use of animals and animal related products for consumption.)
There also includes a subset of vegans who call themselves as ‘raw vegans’ or ‘raw foodists’ who only consume unprocessed vegan foods. A raw vegan diet consists of unprocessed vegan foods that have not been heated above 115 degrees Fahrenheit (46 degrees Celsius). “Raw foodists” believe that foods cooked above this temperature have lost a significant amount of their nutritional value (enzymes are destroyed by normal cooking processes) and are harmful to the body. Their diet consistst mostly of: fruits, raw vegetables, nuts and seeds.
Fruitarians: Some people have carried the concept of vegetarianism to another extreme wherein the people only eat fresh fruits, these people are called fruitarians. Fruitarians are people who consume a diet that is limited to consumption of fruits, nuts, seeds and any other plant material that can be obtained without causing any harm to the plants as well.
Partial or Psuedo-Vegetarianism:
Lacto-ovo-Vegetarians (“lacto” comes from the Latin for milk, and “ovo” for egg): Vegetarians who do not eat pork, beef, poultry, fish, or animal flesh of any kind, but do consume eggs, dairy products and honey are called lacto-ovo vegetarians. Lacto-Ovo vegetarians believe in consumption of animal products that are given by the animals by will. This is the most common type of vegetarian.
Subcategories:
a) Lacto Vegetarians: Vegetarians who do not eat any type of animal meat or even poultry and eggs but consume milk (dairy), dairy products and honey are called lacto vegetarians. Lacto-vegetarians do not include eggs in their diet due to their belief that consumption of eggs is synonymous with the murder of an unborn young one.
b) Ovo Vegetarians: Vegetarians who do not eat any kind of animal flesh or meat, and do not even consume milk (dairy) and dairy products derived from animal milk, but eat eggs and honey are called ovo vegetarians.
Flexitarians (Semi-vegetarian): Flexitarians are those who mostly stick to a vegetarian diet but occasionally eat meat.
Subcategories:
a.) Pescatarian (also spelled Pescetarian): Pescatarians are those who refrain from eating all types of meat with the exception of fish. Although the word is not commonly used, more and more people are adopting this kind of diet, usually for health reasons or as a stepping stone to a fully vegetarian diet.
b.) Pollo-Vegetarians: People who eat poultry, such as chicken, turkey, duck and wild fowl but no other type of animal flesh and meat and the regular vegetarian ingredients are termed as pollo vegetarians.
Macrobiotic: The macrobiotic diet, revered by some for its healthy and healing qualities, includes unprocessed vegan foods, such as whole grains, fruits and vegetables, and allows the occasional consumption of fish. Sugar and refined oils are avoided. Perhaps the most unique qualifier of the macrobiotic diet is its emphasis on the consumption of Asian vegetables, such as daikon, and sea vegetables, such as seaweed.
Factors that Result in Different Types of Vegetarians
Vegetarianism is accepted and practiced by a majority of people, but each one has his or her own way of practicing it. Some of the important factors that decide the types of vegetarians are:
I. Vegetarianism for Better Health
Doctors, dietitians and several health specialists are increasingly advocating the health benefits of vegetarianism. Owing to the increased awareness about health concerns associated with the non-vegetarian diet and health benefits of a vegetarian diet, a large number of people have switched to vegetarianism for health reasons. Vegetarianism offers lower cholesterol levels, lower risks of heart diseases, cancer and higher life expectancy, which seems like a smarter and healthier way of life for many people.
Benefits of Vegetarianism
Wondering why people are increasingly advocating vegetarianism? Read on to find out the benefits of vegetarianism…
Being a vegetarian is no longer frowned upon as the world takes note of the benefits of vegetarianism. Vegetarian diet is not only adequate to fulfill all the standard dietary requirements but also has additional health benefits including prevention of several diseases and harmful health conditions. Discussed below are some of the most important benefits of vegetarianism:
a.) Effect on Body Mass Index
A strict vegetarian diet contains relatively less fat as compared to the non-vegetarian diet owing to the negligible fat content in most of the vegetables. However the only case where the fat content in a vegetarian diet would increase is the inclusion of excessive amounts of butter, fat or other fat-rich dairy products. Research says that average vegetarians eat 25% less fat than a typical meat-eater. This results in a Body Mass Index that is closest to the standard values or at least closer than those of the non-vegetarians. Eating fresh vegetables and fruits and other staple vegetarian foods like whole grains or pulses help over accumulation of fat and when supplemented with a regular fitness regime, can help to maintain a healthy body weight.
b.)Benefits of Dietary Fiber
A vegetarian diet primarily constitutes fresh vegetables, fruits, whole grains and pulses. Vegetables and fruits contain high amounts of dietary fiber. Fiber binds to the cholesterol molecules and prevents its absorption in the blood circulation. It also eliminates these cholesterol molecules via stools. Thus a vegetarian diet results into lower cholesterol levels. Since cholesterol is considered as one of the reasons, which can lead to blockage of arteries, lower cholesterol levels indicate lower risks of arteriosclerosis as well as heart attacks. In addition to this dietary fibers also help to improve the process of digestion and thus help the body rid of toxic waste products.
c.) Higher Life Expectancy
Wondering what good can broccoli and Brussels sprouts do to you? Well for one, they can make you live longer than your non-vegetarian counterparts. Yes, don’t be surprised! One of the most important benefits of vegetarianism is perhaps its effect on life expectancy. Several research and studies have found out that vegetarianism offers higher life expectancy than a non-vegetarian diet. On an average, vegetarians live longer than non-vegetarians.
d.) Cancer Protection
Vegetarianism can also reduce your risks for cancer. In 1997 a survey report aided by the World Cancer Research Fund stated that we lower our risk of cancer by choosing plant-based diets including a variety of vegetables, fruits, legumes and avoid the intake of grilled, cured and smoked meats and fish. Grilling, curing and smoking meat produce polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and heterocyclic amines, which are carcinogenic. It has been established that people who consume higher amounts of fruits and vegetables have about one-half the risk of cancer.
II. Vegetarianism to Save Animals (Animal rights issues)
Many of the people think it is cruel or inhuman for human beings to slaughter animals for their nutrition when vegetarian options are available. Thus people who believe in animal rights are vegetarians owing to their concern about animals. There exist several animal rights organizations that are constantly promoting the benefits of the vegetarian diet and educating human beings about the ruthless practices carried out in slaughterhouses where animals are massacred on a large scale. Also in case you are a non-believer in animal rights, then its time you read and educate yourself about the inhuman practices involved in slaughterhouses.
III. Vegetarianism for Religious Beliefs (Religious Restrictions)
Many people practice vegetarianism owing to their religious beliefs (includes Brahmanism and Zoroastrianism). There are some religions, which do not allow their practitioners to consume non-vegetarian food and encourage consumption of vegetarian food. Hinduism and Buddhism hold vegetarianism as an ideal way to promote nonviolence and spiritual fulfillment. If Kosher or Halal meat isn’t available, observant Jews and Muslims keep a vegetarian diet. Other religious groups that avoid meat include Seventh Day Adventists and Jains. Jainism is a religion that advocates for a vegetarian diet and also does not allow killing of animals and their consumption.
IV. Vegetarians against environmental degradation
Many environmentalists assert that the large-scale meat and poultry production is environmentally unsustainable. They point to issues with water quality, waste disposal, overuse of antibiotics, and other concerns. Many scientists have also stated that vegetarianism also contributes to reducing the effects of global warming.
Myths About Vegetarianism
Myth: A Vegetarian Diet will result in weakness and nutritional deficiency.
Truth: It is established and certified by the American Dietetic Association that all nutrients, proteins, and amino acids necessary to the human body can be found in a vegetarian diet that includes green leafy vegetables, grains, nuts, and fortified juices or soymilk.
Myth: A vegetarian diet will create a deficiency of Omega-3 Fatty acid that is found only in fish.
Truth: Plant-based sources of Omega-3 Fatty acid do exist. These include soy, walnuts, pumpkin seeds, canola oil and also hempseed and flaxseed.
Myth: A vegetarian diet can lead to weak bones.
Truth: A vegetarian diet has a calcium diet that is similar to non-vegetarians. Impaired bone mineralization is found in vegans due to exclusion of milk and eggs, but can easily be combated with the use of calcium supplements.
Myth: A vegetarian diet cannot provide sufficient amounts of Vitamin D.
Truth: A vegetarian diet has sufficient Vitamin D sources. Vitamin D course in a vegetarian diet include milk, soymilk and cereal grains which are very rich in Vitamin D.
Myth: A vegetarian diet does not have enough proteins.
Truth: The protein intake in a vegetarian diet might be lesser than the in a omnivorous diet but the amount of proteins in a vegetarian diet are sufficient to satisfy all the daily requirements.
Disadvantage to Being Vegetarian
Becoming a vegetarian isn’t necessarily as easy as giving up meat. Not all these types of vegetarian diets are deemed healthy, so do your research. Talk with your doctor or a registered dietitian to help plan and monitor your diet.
One other disadvantage to eating vegetarian that’s worth mentioning is that eating vegetarian is often misunderstood. Trying to help the people in your life to understand that you don’t eat meat—can’t eat meat, and that you don’t eat things cooked with meat can be quite a challenge.
For the list of famous vegetarians, please check wikipedia.org and ivu.org
http://www.buzzle.com/articles/vegetarianism.html
http://www.buzzle.com/articles/different-types-of-vegetarians.html
http://vegetarian.about.com/od/vegetarianvegan101/tp/TypesofVeg.htm
https://www.msu.edu/user/daenzerr/rd491/types.htm
http://www.theveggietable.com/articles/whatisavegetarian.html
http://www.veggievisitors.com/why-become-vegetarian.htm
http://vegetarian.lovetoknow.com/Types_of_Vegetarians
http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_are_the_different_types_of_vegetarian
http://www.ivu.org/history/index.html
